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Startup Key combinations for Intel-Based Macs

A nice summary I found at Apple. I can’t remember all these myself

Press and hold the keys immediately after powering on, and keep holding down until the described behavior occurs. These combinations work with Intel-based Mac computers.

  • Shift ⇧ = start in Safe Mode.
  • Option ⌥ = start to Startup Manager (allows booting from any connected bootable volume).
  • C = start from a bootable CD, DVD, or USB thumb drive (such as OS X install media).
  • D = start to either Apple Hardware Test or Apple Diagnostics, depending on which Mac you're using.
  • Option-D = start to either Apple Hardware Test or Apple Diagnostics over the Internet.
  • N = start from a compatible NetBoot server.
  • Option-N = start from a NetBoot server using the default boot image.
  • Command (⌘)-R = start from OS X Recovery.
  • Command-Option-R = start from OS X Recovery over the Internet.
  • Command-Option-P-R = Reset NVRAM. Release the keys after you hear the startup sound again.
  • Command-S = Start up in single-user mode.
  • T = start in target disk mode.
  • X = start from an OS X startup volume when the Mac would otherwise start from a non-OS X startup volume.
    Command-V start in verbose mode.
  • Eject (⏏), F12, mouse button, or trackpad button = Eject removable media, such as an optical disc

See other general Mac keyboard shortcuts.

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